Taking
advantage of location, brothers William and Charles Bent and their partner,
Ceran St. Vrain, established a trading fort between the U.S. and Mexico
on the north bank of the Arkansas River. Built in 1831-33 by Mexican
workers, the fort attracted trappers heading to and from the Rocky Mountains,
many Native American tribes that used the area for hunting, and settlers
traveling the Santa Fe Trail.
Trading such items as tobacco, beads, cloth, pipes,
gunpowder, cooking pots, dried foods, tools and bells for beaver pelts,
Indian buffalo robes and horses, the Bents and St. Vrain became very
wealthy. They bought out other trade shops (or shot the owners if they
wouldn't sell) and cornered the market from Wyoming to Texas to Mexico.
The fort was, for the most part, a peaceful gathering
place for many cultures and was often used as a meeting hall for peace
talks between Native American tribes. It was abandoned in 1849 after
a cholera epidemic and the great changes that were taking place in the
diet, clothing, communication and travel of the Native Americans and
the white settlers of the west.