Immigrants
New York, NY

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"Give me your tired your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore, Send them, the homeless, tempest-tost to me: I lift my light beside the golden door!" --Emma Lazarus, "The New Colossus", 1886

America is not a nation of one culture, ethnic group, race or nationality. No one but the Native Americans can claim this country as their place or origin. Many American families can trace their roots to New York City and the Ellis Island immigration center.

Our first encounter with New York City was only one day, so after Thanksgiving in Ohio with family, we returned to the Big Apple for several days of exploration.

Since we were staying in New Jersey, we drove to Staten Island and rode the ferry into Manhattan--four times! This gave us many opportunities to see the Statue of Liberty in all kinds of weather and times of day. It is quite a piece of workmanship. We know why the thousands of immigrants who entered the country in New York were inspired by this icon of Americanism.

Our history studies came alive as we spent a day at Ellis and Liberty Islands and learned about the experience of 12 million people that entered America through New York from 1892 to 1954.

Pictures (Click to enlarge)
"Ellis Island is where people around the world were examined the took test to get into America. They changed names like Nochomavsky to names like Levine, which would have been confusing. Even though only 2% of all immigrants were deported, just about all of them were scared. That's why they called it the Island of Tears."--Harrison

If Your Name Was Changed at Ellis Island
by Ellen Levine, Wayne Parmenter (Illustrator)

"These beds are what the immigrants slept on, sometimes for many days, while waiting to pass immigration. They would have to wait if they were sick to see if they would get better in the hospital. Other reasons were more tests if they thought you were crazy or not very smart, or waiting for trials to decide if you had committed a crime in your country, or to see if you were able to work to support yourself."--Amanda
Harrison thought this display was cool. "This is a double-sided picture of the American flag and faces of immigrants. If you stand to the left, all you see is the flag. As you move to the right, hundreds of faces of real immigrants appear. It's kind of like 2000 Faces of America--the name of our trip."

Immigrant Kids
by Russell Freedman

Amanda contemplates what the immigrants may have thought: "Lots of immigrants sat on benches like this, waiting to be checked to see if they could go into New York. If they couldn't, they had to go back to their home land on the ship that brought them. People would probably have been very scared, wondering if they'd have to go home to nothing, or stay in this weird, new place."

"The Immigrants"

On our first day in New York City, we went to Battery Park, where the ferries would bring immigrants. We sort of felt like immigrants ourselves, in a strange new place.

Dreams in the Golden Country : The Diary of Zipporah Feldman, a Jewish Immigrant Girl
by Kathryn Lasky

The timing of our visit to The Lower East Side Tenement Museum wasn't great. The size of the living quarters is small, so group size is quite limited. We opted not to wait for a tour, but took advantage of the free videos shown in the waiting area. They showed a lot of what we would have seen on the tour, so we felt we got a taste of what the immigrants experienced living in substandard conditions.
We felt like no visit to New York City would be complete without going to the top of the Empire State Building, so we got in line and stood for 45 minutes (and that was with pre-purchased tickets!) The view was cool, and the wind was cold, and we can now say we were there. But in hindsight, having already been to the top of World Trade Center 2, we could have survived just fine without it.

New York City (Cities of the World)
by Deborah Kent

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Annie Moore, Immigrant (1877-1923)

The Ellis Island Immigration Station opened on January 1, 1892. Annie Moore was 15 years old and traveling with her two younger brothers from County Cork, Ireland in steerage on the steamship Nevada. (Their parents had come a few years earlier.) After a 10-day journey, Annie was the first immigrant to enter Ellis Island. U.S. Immigration Superintendent John Weber greeted her and gave her a $10 commemorative coin.

Annie later married Patrick O'Connell (descendant of Daniel O'Connell) and moved west, where she had 8 children. She was killed in a Texas train accident at the age of 46.

Dreaming of America : An Ellis Island Story
by Eve Bunting, Ben F. Stahl (Illustrator)

Emma Lazrus, Poet/Essayist (1849-1887)

When America received the gift of the Statue of Liberty from France, they needed a proper place to display it. Thus, the American Pedestal Fund was started. Emma Lazarus wrote "The New Colossus" in 1882 to raise money in the pedestal fund campaign. In 1903, her sonnet was immortalized in bronze and placed inside the granite pedestal, where it still inspires immigrants today.

Emma Lazarus in Her World : Life and Letters
by Bette Roth Young, Bette Roth-Young

Joseph Pulitzer, Publisher (1847-1911)

An Hungarian immigrant and the publisher of the New York World Newspaper, Mr. Pulitzer ran the editorial crusade for the American Pedestal Fund campaign for the Statue of Liberty. He founded the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and donated to the School of Journalism and Columbia University. In his will he established the Pulitzer prize to recognize outstanding literally achievement for the advancement of American journalism.

 

Moments : The Pulitzer Prize Photographs : A Visual Chronicle of Our Time
by Hal Buell (Editor)

Trip Tips

If you are visiting New York City from the west, the free Staten Island Ferry is a simple way of entering the city. Not only will you avoid driving in NYC traffic, you will also get a pretty good view of the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. If you park your car on Staten Island near the ferry terminal in one of the public lots, you can leave your vehicle all day for $3-$5.50 (bring lots of quarters for the parking meter).

For a day trip to Ellis and Liberty Islands from the New Jersey side, enter Liberty State Park and buy tickets for the Circle Line-Statue of Liberty Ferry. (There is also a terminal from Battery Park in Manhattan, but both the boat ride and the lines are longer.) The boats make a loop from the park to Ellis Island then the Statue of Liberty throughout the day, so you can go at your own pace. Allow plenty of time, bring a lunch to eat on the ferry (or buy a hot dog on the boat), and make a day of it. While at Ellis Island, make sure you go outside to the back of the building and look for your family name on the Wall of Honor (right) . It's the largest wall of names in the world, with 420,000 entries.

We made the mistake of spending almost all our time at Liberty Island creeping up the steps inside the statue (and these were off-season crowds). It took nearly an hour to get to the top, and we could only stay long enough to snap a couple pictures before we were hurriedly ushered back down. It was surprisingly small and cramped, and the view was disappointing. Our time would have been better spent in the museum located in the pedestal, which we raced through just before closing time.

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For Younger Readers

For Older Readers

Home Child
by Barbara Haworth-Attard
Dreaming of America : An Ellis Island Story
by Eve Bunting, Ben F. Stahl (Illustrator)
Dreams in the Golden Country : The Diary of Zipporah Feldman, a Jewish Immigrant Girl
by Kathryn Lasky
Immigrant Kids
by Russell Freedman
If Your Name Was Changed at Ellis Island
by Ellen Levine, Wayne Parmenter (Illustrator)

Amazon.com Find more books about Immigrant Experience

American Dreaming : Immigrant Life on the Margins
by Sarah J. Mahler


American Mosaic : The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It
by Joan Morrison, Charlotte Fox Zabusky (Contributor), Oscar Handlin

Moments : The Pulitzer Prize Photographs : A Visual Chronicle of Our Time
by Hal Buell (Editor)
Emma Lazarus in Her World : Life and Letters
by Bette Roth Young, Bette Roth-Young



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